Bible Query – Early Manuscripts of Ephesians

July 21, 2023 version

 

Q: In Eph, what are early New Testament manuscripts we have preserved today?

A: Here are many of them.

p46 Chester Beatty II 100-150 A.D. has 150 verses from Ephesians. Specifically it has Eph 1:1-2:7; 2:10-5:6; 5:8-6:6; 6:8-18,20-24 and other parts of Paul’s letters and Hebrews. A photograph of the first page of Ephesians is in A General Introduction to the Bible p.389, the Wycliffe Bible Dictionary p.532, and the Eerdmans Bible Dictionary p.340. The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts has a photograph of part of p46 on p.192. It also says on p.197-198 that the quality and the stichiometric marks show that a professional scribe wrote this.

First half of 3rd century - 1936 - Frederic G. Kenyon according to The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts.

2nd century, 200 A.D. - 1935 - Ulrich Wilken according to The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts.

200 A.D. - 1968 - The Text of the New Testament.

81-96 A.D. - 1988 - Young Kyu Kim according to The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts.

About 200 A.D. - 1975 - Aland et al. Third edition.

About 200 A.D. - 1998 - Aland et al. Fourth revised edition.

Early to middle 2nd century - 1999 - The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts. This is based in part on the handwriting being very similar to Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 8 (late first or early second century) and Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 2337 (late first century).

p49 + p64 (middle 3rd century) Eph 4:16-29; 4:31-5:13 The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts has a photograph of part of p49 on p.346. It also says that p49 and p65 were written by the same scribe.

End of 3rd century - 1968 - The Text of the New Testament.

p92 Eph 1:11-13,19-21; 2 Thess 1:4-5,11-12 (ca. 300 A.D.) The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts has a photograph of part of p92 on p.614. It also says this is dated to late third or early fourth century because the handwriting is quite similar to P. Bodmer IX, P. Cairo Isid. 2, and P. Rylands III 389.

Vaticanus 325-350 A.D.

Sinaiticus 340-350 A.D.

I (Washington D.C.) 5th century Eph 3:20,4;9,29; 5:22; 6:12; 6:19-20, others?

Bohairic Coptic 3rd/4th century

Sahidic Coptic 3rd/4rth century

Fayyumic Coptic

Alexandrinus c.450 A.D.

Claromontanus

Armenian [Arm] from 5th century

Georgian [Geo] from 5th century

Ethiopic [Eth] from c.500 A.D.

Early Vulgate

Sinaitic Syriac 4th-7th century

Palestinian Syriac [Syr Pal] from c.6th century

Peshitta Syriac [Syr P] 411-435 A.D. Over 350 manuscripts.

Harclean Syriac [Syr H] 616.A.D Thomas of Harkel

Philoxenian Syriac [Syr Ph] 507/508 A.D.

p13 London/Florence3rd/4th century

 

Q: In Eph, what are the textual variations with the Textus Receptus, the basis for the KJV?

A: Jay P. Green, Sr. in the Interlinear Bible records variations in approximately 20 words between the Textus Receptus and the majority text. These are in 20 places (Ephesians 1:10,10,12,18,20,23; 2:21; 3:5,8,9; 4:6,14,27,32; 5:21,23; 6:8,17,19,24). He does not record any additional alternates.

 

Q: In Eph, what are some of the textual variations?

A: Paul’s Letter to the Ephesians has a total of 2,422 Greek words in 155 verses. This is the count in Aland et al. 5th revised edition, 4th revised edition, and 3rd edition, including 15 words in brackets. The text of the 3rd edition is on-line at http://www.greekbible.com. Ephesians has an estimated word-for-word accuracy of 97.8%, with 54 words in question. These are in 33 verses (37 places). Of these, 26 places are 1 word, 8 two words, 1 three words, 1 four words, and 1 five words.

   Below are the variations with the primary choice and the top alternate choice. Aland et al. 5th revised edition, 4th revised edition, and 3rd edition, from which this primarily is based, also give a judgment of the degree of certainty per variation. The list below does not include many places where the evidence for a particular reading is so strong that the alternatives are very unlikely. See the next question for which manuscripts support which variants.

Eph 1:1 “Christ Jesus” (p46 as an abbreviation) vs. “Jesus Christ” (not counted in the totals)

Eph 1:1 “in Ephesus” are absent. See the discussion on Ephesians 1:1 for which manuscripts have these words, as well as Ignatius (110-117 A.D.) saying mention of the Ephesians was in Paul’s letter. (2 words)

Eph 1:6a “with” (p46, original Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Chrysostom) vs. “with which” Claromontanus, Harclean Syriac, Gothic)

Eph 1:6b “in his beloved in whom” (most manuscripts) vs. “in his beloved of Him in whom” (original Claromontanus, G, vg(s), Vg(cl), SyrH, Sahidic Coptic, Marcion, Origen, Adamantius Dialogue on the True Faith fifth part ch.12 p.163) (2 words not counted in the totals)

Eph 1:14 “this” vs. “who”

Eph 1:15a “fellowship” most manuscripts vs. “fellowship of Him” (p46)

Eph 1:15b “and your (plural) love toward” vs. “and toward” (2 words)

Eph 1:18 “your (plural) heart” (Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary, Chrysostom, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Fayyumic Coptic, Ethiopic) vs. “heart” (p46 c.200 A.D., Vaticanus)

Eph 1:20 “he has exerted” vs. “he exerted” 1 letter difference. (See The Expositor’s Bible Commentary vol.11 p.32 for more info.)

Eph 2:5 “in the Christ” vs. “the Christ”

Eph 2:5 “by grace (most manuscripts) vs. “in grace” (1 word not counted in the totals)

Eph 2:17 “peace” (p46, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Claromontanus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Gothic, Armenian, Ethiopic, others) vs. absent (Textus Receptus, Harclean Syriac, Philoxenian Syriac)

Eph 2:21 “All the building” vs. “all even the building”

Eph 3:1 “Christ Jesus” (p46, 2nd corrector Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, 2nd corrector of Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary, Bohairic Coptic) vs. “Christ” (original Sinaiticus, original Claromontanus, Ethiopic)

Eph 3:9a absent (p46, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Claromontanus) vs. “by/through Jesus Christ” (Chrysostom, a few late cursive Byzantine manuscripts) (see Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers vol.13 p.79) (3 words but not counted in the totals)

Eph 3:9b “bring to light all of the” vs. “bring to light the” vs. “make everyone see” (3 words)

Eph 3:9c “having created” vs. “having created in/through Jesus Christ” (Harclean Syriac) (3 words not counted in the totals)

Eph 3:13 “you (plural)” (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Byzantine Lectionary, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic) vs. “us” (p46 c.200 A.D., Ephraemi Rescriptus)

Eph 3:14 add “of our Lord Jesus Christ” (4 words) (Aland, NRSV, New Age Bible Versions Refuted p.22)

Eph 3:19 “God” vs. “Christ”

Eph 3:20 “above all things (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Chrysostom) vs. “all things (p46 c.200 A.D., Claromontanus)

Eph 4:6 “in all” (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Chrysostom) vs. “in all [of] you (plural)” (Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary)

Eph 4:8 “gave gifts” (p46, original Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Claromontanus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic) vs. “and gave gifts” (Vaticanus, original Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Armenian Georgian, Chrysostom)

Eph 4:9a “he also first descended/came down” vs. “he also descended/came down”

Eph 4:9b “lower parts” vs. “lower”

Eph 4:15 “the head, Christ” vs. “the head of Christ” (p46) vs. “head, Christ”

Eph 4:17 “the nations walk” (p46, original Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, original Claromontanus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Ethiopic) vs. “the rest [of the] nations walk” Armenian, corrected Sinaiticus, corrected Claromontanus), “the Gentiles walk” (Clement of Alexandria)

Eph 4:19 “having cast off” vs. (2 letters different)

Eph 4:21 “in Jesus”  (most manuscripts) vs. “Christ Jesus) (Clement of Alexandria The Stromata book 3 ch.4 p.386) (1 word not counted in the totals)

Eph 4:28 “working the good with the hands” vs. “working with the hands the good”

Eph 4:29a “building up” vs. “building up faith”

Eph 4:29b “in respect of need” vs. “in respect of faith”

Eph 4:32 Christ Jesus forgave “you” (plural) vs. “us”

Eph 5:2a “loved you”(plural) vs. “loved us”

Eph 5:2b “you” (plural) vs. “us” a second time

Eph 5:4 “not becoming/seemly (anuken)” (p46, p94 have this with some gaps, Aland et al., Siniaticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus) vs. “not becoming/seemly (anukonta)” (Green, Claromontanus) (until a pre-300 A.D. manuscript can be found with this, it is not counted in the totals)

Eph 5:5 “o” (p46, Sinaiticus, Vaticanus) vs. “os” (Alexandrinus, Claromontanus)

Eph 5:5 “God” (p46) vs. “Christ and God”

Eph 5:9 “fruit of the Spirit” vs. “fruit of the light” vs. “fruits of the light” (Syriac Peshitta) (only 1 word counted in the totals)

Eph 5:14 “shall shine upon you (singular) the Christ” (most manuscripts) vs. “shall shine upon the Christ” (Claromontanus (2 words not counted in the totals)

Eph 5:15 “carefully how” vs. “how carefully”

Eph 5:19 “songs spiritual” vs. “songs spiritual in grace” (2 words)

Eph 5:20 “God and Father” vs. “Father and God” (2 words)

Eph 5:21b “in the fear of God” vs. “in the love of Christ” (Syriac Peshitta) (2 words not counted in the totals)

Eph 5:22 “wives to their own husband subject yourselves as to the Lord” vs. “wives to their own husband as to the Lord” (2 words)

Eph 5:30 “of the flesh of him” vs. “of the flesh of him and of the bones of him.” (5 words)

Eph 6:1 “parents” vs. “parents in the Lord” (2 words)

Eph 6:12 “you (plural)” vs. “us”

Eph 6:19 “mystery” vs. “mystery of the gospel” (2 words)

Eph 6:20 “in it I may behold” vs. “I may behold in it” (Sinaiticus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Fayyumic Coptic) vs. “it” (p46, Vaticanus) (2 words)

Eph 6:24 “amen” at the end (corrected Sinaiticus, Claromontanus, Philoxenian Syriac, Harclean Syriac, apparently Bohairic Coptic, apparently Armenian, some Ethiopic) vs. absent (p46, original Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Fayyumic Coptic, Armenian, some Ethiopian)

No postscript vs. “from Ephesus” (Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Fayyumic Coptic), “To Ephesians written from Rome, by Tychicus” (Textus Receptus)

Bibliography for this question: The Greek New Testament Third Edition by Kurt Aland et al., The Greek New Testament Fourth Edition by Kurt Aland et al., Interlinear Greek-English New Testament by George Ricker Berry, the Interlinear Bible by Jay P. Green, The Expositor’s Bible Commentary volume 8, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament 2nd edition by Bruce M. Metzger, The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture by Bart Ehrman, The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts edited by Philip W. Comfort and David P. Barrett, The Expositor’s Greek Testament edited by W. Robertson Nicoll, and footnotes in the NASB, NIV, NKJV, and NRSV Bible translations. Manuscripts of the Greek Bible : An Introduction to Paleography by Bruce M. Metzger also has interesting information on the characteristics and quality of the copying of each manuscript.

 

Q: In Eph, how do the early manuscripts compare with each other?

A: The table below shows each of the places in question, and the number says which variant is in each manuscript.

 

This chart shows variants of early writers and manuscripts of Ephesians. The darker the shading the later the writing. Shaded verses mean we are virtually certain of the correct reading. For each verse, the variant Aland et al. views as correct is labeled as “1”, the next choice “2”, and so on. Corrections to manuscripts by later scribes are not included. “A” after a choice simply means the choice with the fewest words. A question mark means it is probably but not certain the manuscript had these words. Parentheses means fragmentary or hard to read. Where there is more than one number, such as “1 /2?”, this means that one or more manuscripts in the family give the first choice, and one or more manuscripts are not clear, but appear to give the second choice. A parenthesis, such as (6), means that through translation or loss of letters are not sure, but it appears to support reading 6. Other early writers are Marcion per Tertullian, Orosius, Victorinus-Rome, Eustathius (fl.305 A.D.) Eusebius, Ambrose, Jerome, Priscillian (6:12), Ambrosiaster, Gregory-Nyssa, Didymus, and Cyril of Alexandria.

 

Place of variant

words

p46

Just.

Iren

Clem A

Tert

Hipp

Origen

Cyp

Adama.

Meth.

p49

B

Si

Hilary

Lucif.

Chrys

Pelag.

C

D

I

Sahidic

Bohairic

Ital b

Ital c

Vulgate

Ethiop.

A

Armenian

Georg’n

Pal Syr

P Syr

H

Syr

Fay

Byzant.

Eph 1:1

2

2

-

-

-

-

-

2?

-

-

-

-

2

2

-

-

1

1

-

1

-

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

1

-

1

Eph 1:6a

1

1

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

 

 

-

1

1

-

-

1

-

-

2

-

-

-

 

 

-

-

1

-

-

 

 

2

-

-

Eph 1:6b

2

1

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

2

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

1/ 2

-

2

-

2

(1)

2

2

1/ 2

2

1

1

1

1

1

2

-

1

Eph 1:14

1

1

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

2

-

-

1/ 2

2

-

2

-

-

-

1

1

2

-

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

2

Eph 1:15a

2

2

-

-

-

 

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

-

-

1

1

-

1

-

-

1 /2

1

1

-

1

 

1

1

-

-

1

 

1

Eph 1:15b

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

2

2

-

-

1

1

-

1

-

(1)

1(pt/2(pt)

1

-

-

1

2

1

1

-

-

1

-

1

Eph 1:18

1

2A

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

2A

1

-

-

1

1

-

1

-

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2A

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 2:5a

1

3

-

-

1

-

-

1/(2)

-

-

-

-

3

1

2

-

3

1

-

1

-

3

3

1

1

1

3

1

3

3

2

2

(2)

-

1

Eph 2:5b

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

-

3

-

3

-

2

(2)

3

3

1/ 2?/3

(1)

1

2

1

2

-

1

-

1

Eph 2:17

1

1

-

-

-

1

1

-

1

 

 

-

1

1

-

 

 

 

-

1

-

1

1

 

 

 

 

1

1

 

 

2

2

 

 

Eph 2:21

1

-

-

-

1

-

-

1/ 2

-

-

-

-

1

1/2(c)

-

-

1/ 2

-

2

1

-

2

2

-

-

-

2

2

2

-

-

-

-

-

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 3:1

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

5

4

-

(2)

1

3

5

-

1?

1

-

5

1/ 2?

5

1

2

1/ 2

-

2

1

-

1

Eph 3:9a

3

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

1

 

-

-

2

 

1

1

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1A/2

Eph 3:9b

3

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

2

-

-

1

1

1

1

-

1

1

-

-

1

1

2

1

1

-

1

1

-

1

Eph 3:9c

3

1

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

 

 

-

1

2

-

 

 

 

1

1

-

1

1

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

Eph 3:13

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

1

2

1

-

1

1/ 2?

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

1

-

1

Eph 3:14

4

1

-

-

-

-

-

1/ 2

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

2

2

1

2

-

1

1

2

2

1?/2

1

1

2

1

1

2

2

-

2

Eph 3:19

1

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

1

1

-

(1)

1

1

1

-

3

1

1

1

1/ 2?

(1)

1

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

Eph 3:20

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

2A

1

2

1?

1

1

2A

2A

-

-

1

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 4:6

1

1

-

2

-

-

-

1

-

2

-

-

1

1

-

-

1 /2

2

1

2

-

1

1

2

2

2

1

1

2

1/ 2

-

2

2

-

2

Eph 4:8

2

1

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

1

1

-

2

1

2

1

-

1

1

1

1

1

3

1

2

2

-

2

2

-

2

Eph 4:9a

1

1

-

1

1

1

-

1

-

-

-

-

2

1

1

1

2

1

1

1

1?

1/ 2

1

1

1

1?/2

1

1

2

2

-

2

2

-

2

Eph 4:9b

1

2

-

2A

2A

2A

-

2A

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

2A

1

1

1

2

1

2

1

2A

2A

1

2

1

1

-

-

-

1

-

1

Eph 4:15

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 4:17

1

1

-

-

3

-

-

 

-

 

 

 

1

1

-

 

 

 

 

1

-

1

1

 

 

 

1

1

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 4:19

1

1

-

2

1

-

-

1

-

-

-

2

1

1

-

-

1

2

-

2

-

1

1

2

2

2

2

1

2

-

-

2

1

-

1

Eph 4:28

1

2

-

-

7

6

-

3

-

-

-

2

2

1

-

-

3

2/6?

-

1

-

1/5

(1)

1

1

1/ 2

(1)

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

3/4

Eph 4:29

1

1

-

-

1

2

-

1

2

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

2

-

2

1?

1

1

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

(1)

1

-

1

Eph 4:32

1

1

-

-

1

1/ 2

-

1/ 2

-

-

-

2

2

1

-

-

1/ 2

1

-

2

-

1

1/ 2

1

1

2

1

1

2

(2)

2

2

2

-

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 5:2a

1

1

-

-

1/ 2

-

-

-

-

-

-

4

2

2

-

-

1

1

-

1

-

2

2

2

1

1/ 2?

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

Eph 5:2b

1

1

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

5

2

-

-

1

1

-

3

-

5

5

3

1

1

5

1

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

Eph 5:4

1

1

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

1

-

-

 

-

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 5:5a

1

1

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

1

1

-

-

 

-

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 5:5b

3

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

-

-

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 5:9

1

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

1

-

1

2

1

-

1

-

1

1

1

1

-

1

1

1

1/ 2

1

1

2

-

2

Eph 5:14

2

1

-

-

1

-

1

1/ 2

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

1

1

-

2

-

1

1

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

Eph 5:15

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

2

1 /2

3

-

2

-

1

3?

2

(2)

2?/3

(2)

3

(2)

1

2

2

2

-

2

Eph 5:19

2

3

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

3

~1

-

-

1

1

-

1

-

1

1

3

3

1

-

2

1

1

1

1

1

-

1

Eph 5:20

2

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

-

3A

-

2

1

1

1

-

2

1

-

1

2

-

2

1

1

-

1

Eph 5:22

2

1

-

-

1

-

-

4

-

-

-

-

1

4

-

-

3

4

-

2

4

(4)

(4)

4

2

4

4

4

4

3

4

-

3

-

3

Eph 5:30

5

1

-

3

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

3

3

-

3

-

1

1

3

3

3

1

1

3

3

-

(3)

3

-

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Eph 6:1

2

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

2

-

-

-

2

1

-

-

1

1

-

2

-

1

1

2

2

1

(1)

1

1

-

-

1

1

-

1

Eph 6:12

1

2

-

1

1

1

-

2/ 3

1

-

1

-

2

1

1

2

1

1

-

2

1

1/ 2

1

2

2

1/ 2?

2

1

1

1

2

2

1

 

1

Eph 6:19

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

2

1

-

-

1

1

-

1

1

1

1

2A

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1/ 2

1

Eph 6:20

2

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3

2

-

-

1

1

-

1

1

2

2

1

1

1

(1)

1

1

1

1

3

1

2

1

Eph 6:24

1 amen

1

-

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

2

1

-

2

-

1

1/ 2

2

2

1/ 2

1/ 2

1

2

2

1

2

2

1

2

postscript

2

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

2

-

-

-

-

-

(2)

-

-

-

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

Place of variant

words

p46

Just.

Iren

Clem A

Tert

Hipp

Origen

Cyp

Adama.

Meth.

p49

B

Si

Hilary

Lucif.

Chrys

Pelag.

C

D

I

Sahidic

Bohairic

Ital b

Ital d

Vulgate

Ethiop.

A

Armenian

Georg’n

Pal Syr

P Syr

H Syr

Fay

Byzant.

For the variations, Sinaiticus and Vaticanus agree in 21 out of 48 places (44%). The unanimous Byzantine Lectionary and Sinaiticus agree in 16 out of 46 places (35%).

by Steven M. Morrison, PhD.