Bible Query – Early Manuscripts of 2 Corinthians

November 15, 2009 version

 

Q: In 2 Cor, what are early New Testament manuscripts we have preserved today?

A: Here are many of them.

p46 Chester Beatty II 100-150 A.D. 2 Cor 1:1-11:10; 11:12-21; 11:23-13:13 and other parts of Paul’s letters and Hebrews. The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts has a photograph of part of p46 on p.192. It also says on p.197-198 that the quality and the stichiometric marks show that a professional scribe wrote this.

First half of 3rd century - 1936 - Frederic G. Kenyon according to The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts.

2nd century, 200 A.D. - 1935 - Ulrich Wilken according to The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts.

200 A.D. - 1968 - The Text of the New Testament.

81-96 A.D. - 1988 - Young Kyu Kim according to The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts.

About 200 A.D. - 1975 - Aland et al. Third edition.

About 200 A.D. - 1998 - Aland et al. Fourth revised edition.

Early to middle 2nd century - 1999 - The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts. This is based in part on the handwriting being very similar to Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 8 (late first or early second century) and Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 2337 (late first century).

p34 - 1 Cor 16:4-7; 10; 2 Cor 5:18-21; 10:13-14; 11:2,4,6-7 (7th century) Alexandrian text.

7th century - 1968 - The Text of the New Testament.

Vaticanus 325-350 A.D.

Sinaiticus 340-350 A.D.

Bohairic Coptic 3rd/4th century

Sahidic Coptic 3rd/4rth century

Gothic 493-555 A.D.

Ephraemi Rescriptus 5th century

Palestinian Syriac [Syr Pal] from c.6th century

Peshitta Syriac [Syr P] 411-435 A.D... Over 350 manuscripts.

Harclean Syriac [Syr H] 616.A.D Thomas of Harkel

 

Q: In 2 Cor, what are the manuscript variations with the Textus Receptus, the basis for the KJV?

A: Jay P. Green, Sr. in the Interlinear Bible records variations in approximately 45 words between the Textus Receptus and the majority text. These are in 34 places (in every chapter). In addition, he also records approximately 5 words (3 places) of alternates.

 

Q: In 2 Cor, what are some of the manuscript variations?

A: Paul’s Second Letter to the Corinthians has a total of 4,477 Greek words in 257 verses. This is the count in both Aland et al. 3rd edition and Aland et al. 4th revised edition, including 10 words in brackets. You can see the text of the 3rd edition on-line at http://www.greekbible.com. 2 Corinthians has an estimated  word-for-word accuracy of 98.7%, with 56 words in question. These are in 34 verses (43 places).

   Below are the variations with the primary choice and the top alternate choice. Aland et al 4th revised edition and 3rd edition, from which this primarily is based, also give a judgment of the degree of certainty per variation. The list below does not include many places where the evidence for a particular reading is so strong that the alternatives are very unlikely. See the next question for which manuscripts support which variants.

2 Cor 1:6-7 placement of words: “and salvation, whether we are comforted it is for your comfort” (8 words)

2 Cor 1:9 “raises the dead” vs. “raised the dead” (p46, apparently Bohairic Coptic, apparently Latin Vulgate) (1 letter different)

2 Cor 1:10 “great a “death” vs. “great a danger”

2 Cor 1:10 “and delivers” vs. “and flows”

2 Cor 1:10 “hope that even” vs. “hope even"

2 Cor 1:11 “your(plural) behalf” vs. “our behalf”

2 Cor 1:12 “simplicity” vs. “holiness”

2 Cor 1:14 “day of the Lord” vs. “day of our Lord”

2 Cor 1:15 “benefit” vs. “pleasure”

2 Cor 2:1 “for” vs. a word that adds emphasis

2 Cor 2:7 “you more” vs. “more you”

2 Cor 2:9 “if” vs. “than”

2 Cor 2:17 “like so many” vs. “like the others”

2 Cor 3:2 “your” vs. “our”

2 Cor 3:3 “heart” vs. “hearts” (1 letter)

2 Cor 3:9 “the” vs. “that” (1 letter)

2 Cor 4:5 “of Jesus” vs. “Jesus” vs. “of Christ”

2 Cor 4:10 “dying of the Lord Jesus” vs. “dying of Jesus” (Syriac, Irenaeus in Against Heresies book 5 ch.13 p.540) (1 word)

2 Cor 4:10 “Jesus” vs. “Christ” (only in Bezae Cantabrigiensis so 1 word not counted in the totals)

2 Cor 4:14 “Lord Jesus” vs. “Jesus"

2 Cor 5:3 “take it off” vs. “put if on”

2 Cor 5:3 “being clothed” (p46, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, 2nd corrector to Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary) vs. “unclothed” (original Claromontanus) (1 word not counted in the totals)

2 Cor 5:6,8 “Lord” vs. “God” (two times) (2 words not counted in the totals)

2 Cor 5:15 “he died for all” vs. “Christ died for all” (only in Armenian and later manuscripts so 1 word not counted in the totals)

2 Cor 5:17 “the new has come” vs. “all things new have come”

2 Cor 6:16 “temple” vs. “temples”

2 Cor 6:16 “we” vs. “you”

2 Cor 7:8 “I see for that” vs. “I see that"

2 Cor 8:7 “our love for you(plural)” vs. “your(plural) love for us” (2 words)

2 Cor 8:9 “sake of you (plural)” (p46, Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary) vs. “sake of us” (Ephraemi Rescriptus) (1 word not counted in the totals)

2 Cor 8:19 “therefore” vs. “in”

2 Cor 8:19 “Lord” vs. “Lord Himself”

2 Cor 9:4 “we” vs. “I”

2 Cor 9:4 “undertaking” vs. “boasting”

2 Cor 9:12 case of “thanksgivings”

2 Cor 10:12-13 case of perceptive/wise.

2 Cor 11:3 “simplicity” vs. “purity/holiness” vs. “simplicity and purity/holiness” (2 words)

2 Cor 11:4 “different Jesus” vs. “different Christ” (Vulgate, Armenian. The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture p.136 says there is little doubt concerning the original text.) (1 word not counted in the totals)

2 Cor 11:17 “Lord” vs. “God. “Lord” is in p46, Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Bezae Cantabrigiensis, Byzantine Lectionary, some Italic, Palatine Syriac, Harclean Syriac, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Armenian, Georgian, Chrysostom). “God” is in some Italic. Not counted in the totals

2 Cor 11:21 “we have been week” (p46, Sinaiticus, Vaticanus) vs. “we were weak” (Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary, Chrysostom)

2 Cor 11:32 “seize” vs. “in order to seize” vs. “desiring me to seize”

2 Cor 12:1 “but” vs. “should” (1 letter)

2 Cor 12:1 “I do not profit” vs. “not profitable to me”

2 Cor 12:7 “Therefore” is absent at the beginning of the verse.

2 Cor 12:7 “that I not be made proud” is absent (5 words)

2 Cor 12:9 “for power” (original Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, original Claromontanus, Sahidic Coptic) vs. “for my power” (2nd corrector of Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Byzantine Lectionary, Chrysostom)

2 Cor 12:10 “and” vs. “in”

2 Cor 12:15 added “and”

2 Cor 12:15 “I love” added a letter (nu) at the end of agape. This is very similar to in English using the word “an” instead of “a”.

2 Cor 12:19 “And do you (plural) think” (original Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Sahidic Coptic) vs. “were/since and you (plural) think” (p46) vs. “Again do you (plural) think” (2nd corrector to Sinaiticus, Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary, Chrysostom) (2 words)

2 Cor 13:4 “by God’s power to/towards you” (Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, original Claromontanus, Byzantine Lectionary) vs. “to you by God’s power” (Vaticanus, Chrysostom) (2 words)

2 Cor 13:4 we are weak “in Him” vs. “in ourselves” vs. “with Him” (2 words)

Some manuscripts have the postscript, “To Corinthians Second written from Philippi of Macedonia, by/of/through/via Titus and Lucas” (11 words)

Bibliography for this question: The Greek New Testament Third Edition by Kurt Aland et al., The Greek New Testament Fourth Edition by Kurt Aland et al., Interlinear Greek-English New Testament by George Ricker Berry, the Interlinear Bible by Jay P. Green, The Expositor’s Bible Commentary volume 8, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament 2nd edition by Bruce M. Metzger, The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture by Bart Ehrman, The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts edited by Philip W. Comfort and David P. Barrett, The Expositor’s Greek Testament edited by W. Robertson Nicoll, and footnotes in the NASB, NIV, NKJV, and NRSV Bible translations. Manuscripts of the Greek Bible : An Introduction to Paleography by Bruce M. Metzger also has interesting information on the characteristics and quality of the copying of each manuscript.

 

Q: In 2 Cor, how do the early manuscripts compare with each other?

A: The table below shows each of the places in question, and the number says which variant is in each manuscript.

 

Place

words

p46

Si

A

B

C

D

Sah

Boh

Fay

Iren

Clem A

Origen

Cyp

Ital b

Ital d

Hilary

Lucif.

Vulgate

Pelag

Eth

Chrys

Byz

Arm

Geo

Syr Pal

Syr P

Syr H

2 Cor 1:6-7

8

1

1

1

2

1

4

1

1

 

-

-

-

-

4

4

-

-

 

-

(1)

4

4

(1)

4

-

(1)

-

2 Cor 1:9

1

2

 

 

 

 

2

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2 Cor 1:10a

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

-

1

2

-

3

2

-

-

 

3

1

1/3

1

1

1

-

1

1

2 Cor 1:10b

1

1

1

3

1

1

3

1

1

 

-

-

1/ 2

-

3

3

-

-

 

3A

3

2/3

2

1

 

-

3

-

2 Cor 1:10c

1

2

1

1

2

1

2

1

1

 

-

-

1/ 4

-

4

4

-

-

 

4

(3)

1

1

1

1

-

(1)

4

2 Cor 1:11

1

2

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

 

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

 

1

 

1

1/ 2

1

1/ 2

-

1

1

2 Cor 1:12

1

2

2

2

2

2

1

2

2

 

-

-

2

-

1

1

-

-

 

1

 

1

1

2

1/ 2

 

1

1

2 Cor 1:14

1

-

1

2

1

2

2

1

1

 

-

-

-

-

1

2

-

-

 

1

1

1

2

1

1/ 2

 

1

1

2 Cor 1:15

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

1

2

 

-

-

-

-

1

1

-

-

 

1

1

1

1

1

2

 

1

1

2 Cor 2:1

1

1

 

 

1

 

3

1/3

1/3

 

-

-

-

-

2

2

-

-

 

2

 

2

2

2

 

1

1

1

2 Cor 2:7

1

1

1

3

3

1

2

1

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

1

1

1

 

(1)

3

1

2 Cor 2:9

1

3

1

2

2

1

1

 

1

 

-

-

-

-

(2)

1

-

-

 

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

2 Cor 2:17

1

2

1

1

1

1

2

1

1

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

1

2

1/ 2

2

1

 

2

2

2 Cor 3:2

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

1

1

1

 

1

 

1

1

2 Cor 3:3

1

3

1

1

1

1

1

(2)

(2)

 

-

 

1/ 2

 

2

2

 

-

 

2

(2)

2

1

2

2

(2)

(2)

(1)

2 Cor 3:9

1

 

1

1

3

1

1

1

3

 

-

 

1

 

-

-

 

-

 

3

1

3

3

2

3

 

1

1

2 Cor 4:5

1

2

2

1?

1

 

1

2

2/3/4

 

-

 

-

 

4

2

 

-

 

2

(1)

1

1

3

2/3

1

1

1

2 Cor 4:14

1

4

1

4

 

1

1

4

1/ 4

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

4

1

1/ 4

1

4

1/3

 

1

1

2 Cor 5:3

1

3

3

 

3

3

1

3

3

 

-

 

-

 

3

1

 

-

 

1

3

3

3

3

1/3

3

3

3

2 Cor 5:17

1

1

1

 

1

1

1

1

1

 

-

 

(2)/3

 

3

1

 

-

 

1

2

2

2/3

2

1/3

1

(1)

2

2 Cor 6:16 (both)

1

3

2

 

1

3

1

1

1

 

-

 

1/ 3

 

3

1

 

3

 

3

1

3

3/ 4

3

2/3

1

(3)

3

2 Cor 7:8

1

3

1

 

2

1

2

 

1

 

-

 

-

 

2

2

 

-

 

3

 

1

1

1

1

 

1

1

2 Cor 8:7

2

1

2

 

1

2

2

1

1

 

-

 

1

 

2

2

 

-

 

2

2

(2)

2

1

1

 

1

2

2 Cor 8:9

1

1

1

 

1

2

1

1

1

 

-

 

2

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

1

2

1

1

1

 

1

1

2 Cor 18:19a

1

1

1

 

2

2

1

 

 

 

-

 

-

 

3A

3A

 

-

 

3A

2

 

 

1

2

 

2

1

2 Cor 8:19b

1

 

1

 

3

3

3

3

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

3

1

1

3

1

 

1

1

2 Cor 9:4a

1

1

2

 

2

1

1

1/ 2

2

 

-

 

-

 

-

1

 

-

 

2

 

2

2

2

2

 

1

2

2 Cor 9:4b

1

1

1

 

1

1

1

1

1

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

 

(2)

2

2

1/ 2

 

(2)

2

2 Cor 10:12-13

1

1

2

 

1

 

6

3

3

 

-

 

-

 

5

5

 

-

 

4

 

3

2

3

3

 

2

2

2 Cor 11:3

2

1

1

 

1

 

2?

1

1

 

-

 

3

 

-

2

 

-

 

1

1

2

2

2

2

 

2

1

2 Cor 11:17

1

1

1

 

1

 

1

1

1

 

-

 

1/ 2

 

1

1

 

-

 

2

 

1

1

1

1

 

1

1

2 Cor 11:21

1

1

1

 

1

 

2

 

 

 

-

 

1

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

(1)

2

2

2

2

 

 

 

2 Cor 11:32

1

 

2

 

1

 

1

1

2

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

2

2

2

1

2

 

2

 

2 Cor 12:1a

1

1

3

 

1

 

3

4

1/3

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

4

3

2

1/ 2

1

4

 

1

1

2 Cor 12:1b

1

1

1

 

1

 

3

1

1

 

-

 

-

 

4

4

 

-

 

1

 

4

4

 

4

 

 

4

2 Cor 12:7a

1

2

1

1

1

 

2

2

1

 

2

 

2

 

2

2

 

-

 

2

2

2

2

2

2

 

 

 

2 Cor 12:7b

5

1

2

2

1

 

2

1

1

 

2

 

1/ 2

 

2

2

 

-

 

2

2

2

1

1

1

 

1

1

2 Cor 12:9

1

1?

 

2

1

 

1

1

 

 

1/ 2

 

2

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

1

 

2

2

2

 

2

2

2 Cor 12:10

1

1

2

2

1

 

1

2

2

2

-

 

-

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

1

1

1

 

 

2

2

2 Cor 12:15a

1

1

1

1

1

 

3

1

1

1

-

 

-

 

-

3A

 

-

 

2

2

2

2

2

1/ 2

 

2

2

2 Cor 12:15b

1

1

2

2

1

 

1

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

 

1

1

(2)

(2)

 

-

-

2 Cor 12:19

2

2

1

1

1

 

3

1

3

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

-

 

3

3

3

3

 

3

3

2 Cor 13:4a

2

 

2

2

1

 

1

1

2

1

-

 

-

 

-

1

 

-

 

1

 

1

1

 

1

 

2

1

2 Cor 13:4b

2

1?

1

1

2

 

1

1

1

 

-

 

-

 

1

1

 

-

 

1

 

2

1

2

1

 

1

1

Postscript

11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Place

words

p46

Si

A

B

C

D

Sah

Boh

Fay

Iren

Clem A

Origen

Cyp

Ital b

Ital d

Hilary

Lucif.

Vulgate

Pelag

Eth

Chrys

Byz

Arm

Geo

Pal Syr

P Syr

H Syr