What Early Christians Taught on Doctrine Odds and Ends – November 2011 version

ODDS AND ENDS ON THE BIBLE AND GOD

ODDS AND END ON OTHER DOCTRINES

Legend for Cells

B21. Solomon wrote Proverbs Pr 1:1; Pr 10 header

*i11. Jesus descended from David Mt 1:6,16; Lk 2

W = Wrote explicitly on this teaching

B22. Luke wrote Acts -

*i12. Jesus is the son of man Jn 9:35-37

I = Implied as true, or opposite is false

B23. Veil on many when reading Moses/OT 2 Cor 3:14

 

N = Implied since accepted Nicene Creed

B24. We should tremble at God’s Word Isa 66:2

P18. Devil/demons tempt people 1 Pet 5:8-9

m = Mixed: some agree, others did not

G21. God is Spirit Jn 4:24a

S11. We need to have faith Mk 11:22; Heb 11:6

P = partial, i.e. U15. People are tempted but does not say by demons

G22. Calling God Abba, Father Gal 4:6

 

G23. God or Jesus before birth was incorporeal.Jn1:14

W22. Jesus at Cana / turning water to wine

- = no reference found

G24. God is our refuge  Dt 32:27; 2 Sam 22:3,31; Ps 62:8

U22. Church/believers are Christ’s bride.Eph5:22-

X = Disagree

G25. God is a consuming fire  Dt 4:24; Dt 9:3; Heb 12:29

U23. Enmity between serpent & Eve’s seed

blank = not researched yet

H13. People can grieve the Holy Spirit Eph 4:30

U27. Some have more severe judgment. Mt10:15

Writer totals include W’s & I’s but not P’s

Rows: red=persecution of Christians, green=heresy, orange=schism, pink=strange writer, blue=Bible manuscript, brown=Christians persecute others

Christian writer, heretic, or Bible manuscript

Pages

Date A.D.

B21

B22

B23

B24

G21

G22

G23

G24

G25

H13

 

 

 

P18

S11

W22

 

U22

U23

U27

Nero and Domitian persecute Christians

 

50 & 95/96

est. 500K Christians. labeled atheists; killed for refusing to worship emperor/idols

Clement of Rome (wrote 1 Clement)

16 ¼

97/98

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Ignatius disciple of John (shortest version)

13

c.100-117

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Trajan persecutes Christians

 

107-117

Answered Pliny the Younger’s letter. Christians not sought after but killed if found

Didache (=Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)

4 ¾

before 125

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

W

-

 

-

-

-

Apology of Aristides (Greek version)

4

125or138-161

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Quadratus of Athens fragment (apologist)

1/8

126

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Letter to Diognetus (=Mathetes to Diognetus)

5 ¼

c.130

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Hadrian persecutes Christians

 

118 & 134

Hadrian loved Greek culture, and he persecuted both Jewish & Christian people.

Bar Cochba persecutes Christians

 

135

Christians persecuted in Israel because they would not join Bar Cochba’s revolt.

Letter of Barnabas

12 ½

100-150

-

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

 

 

-

-

-

p52, p104, p87 have 5, 5, & 4 verses (Jn, Mt, Philemon)

-138,100-150

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

 

-

p46 Chester Beatty II - 1,680 verses (70%) Paul+Heb

100-150

-

 

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

I

 

 

2 Clement (anonymous writer)

5 ¾

c.150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Polycarp to the Philippians

3 ½

100-155

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Papias of Hierapolis, disciple of John

2

130-150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

 

-

-

-

“Presbyters” (Papias?)

½

-150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Apostolic fathers totals: all symbols except P

62

-150

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

 

0

7

 

 

0

0

0

Justin Martyr, philosopher and apologist

137

c138-165

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

-

W

W

-

 

-

W

-

Shepherd of Hermas

46 ½

c.160

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

W

W

-

 

-

-

-

Evarestus’ Martyrdom of Polycarp

5

c.169

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Gnostic heresies become widespread

 

c.170-

Gnostics believed Creator was evil/foolish, rejected O.T., mixed in paganism.

Tatian+his Diatessaron.Encratite Gnostic later

18+86

died 172

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

 

-

 

W

Dionysius of Corinth (wrote against Marcion)

1/3

170

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

p66 Bodmer II Papyrii - 817 verses (92%) of John

c.125-175

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

 

 

p4, p64, & p67 Lk 1:58-59,etc. Mt 26:7-8,etc. 95 verses

c.150-175

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

 

 

-

 

 

p90 Jn 18:36-19:7 (11 verses)

c.175

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

 

 

Persecution of Marcus Aurelius

 

162/166-180

Aurelius was a Stoic philosopher. Persecution mainly in Gaul ended when he died

Christians of Vienna and Lugdunum (Lyons)

6 ½

177

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

 

-

-

-

Athenagoras (apologist)

33 ½

177

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Claudius Apollinaris of Hierapolis

½

177, 160-180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Hegesippus (chronicler)

2 ½

170-180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Melito/Meleto of Sardis (Quartodecimian)

11

170-180

W

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

I

-

 

-

-

-

Rhodon (against Marcion and Apelles)

½

180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

 

-

-

-

Theophilus of Antioch (to Autolycus)

32

168-181/188

W

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

W

-

Ebionites & Clementina (OT Law,Father,Son)

265½+

-188-

-

-

 

-

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

 

 

W

W

-

Irenaeus of Lyons, disciple of Polycarp

262

182-188

W

W

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

I

-

W

W

W

W

 

W

W

W

Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs -died 180 A.D.

¾

180-202

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Maximus of Jerusalem (wrote on origin of evil)

5

185-196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Polycrates of Ephesus (Quartodecimian)

½

196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

p32 (=P. Rylands 5) Titus 1:1-15; 2:3-8 (21 verses)

150-200

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Caius and the Muratorian Canon

3

190-217

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Sabellian heresy (Praxeas, Noetus, Callistus)

 

c.200-257-

Also called Patripassians, they believed Father, Son, & Spirit were one person.

Persecution of Septimus Severus

 

202

est. 2M Christians. A Christian helped him when ill, but did not repeal existing laws

Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas

7

c.201/205

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Romans kill first known martyrs in Britain

 

209

Alban, Julius, and Aaron were formerly thought killed in 304/5 A.D.

Serapion of Antioch (against Marcion)

1/3

200-210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

 

-

-

-

Minucius Felix (The Octavius)

25

210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

 

-

-

-

Apollonius of Ephesus (against Montanists)

1

c.210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Clement of Alexandria

424

193-217/220

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

 

-

-

-

p75 Lk 3:18-22; etc. Jn 1:1-11:45,etc. 1,166 verses

175-225

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

P

W

 

 

-

 

 

p45 Chester Beatty I – 833 verses (4 gospels + Acts)

200-225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

-

 

 

-

 

 

p30 1 Th 4:12-13,16-17 etc. 2 Th 1:1-2 etc.25 verses

ca.225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

 

 

Tertullian (joined the Montanist Church)

734

198-220

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

P

-

W

W

 

W

P

W

Tertullian’s 5 Books Against Marcion

194

207/8

-

-

-

 

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

 

-

-

-

Theodotus the probable Montanist

7 ¾

ca.240

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Bardaisan/Bardesan of Syria (heretical)

11 ½

154-224/232

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

I

-

 

-

-

-

Asterius Urbanus (against Montanists)

2 ¾

c.232

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Elchasaite Ebionites (said Jesus God’s Son)

2 ¼

before 236

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

 

Hippolytus, pupil of Irenaeus (undisputed)

218

222-235/6

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

I

W

-

W

W

 

W

P

-

Maximim persecutes Christians

 

235-238

First empire-wide persecution, but only of clergy. It stopped when he was killed.

Instructions of Commodianus

16

c.240

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Julius Africanus (undisputed writings)

9

232-245

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

p13 Heb 2:14-5:5;10:8-22;10:29-11:13;etc. 114 verses

225-250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Alexander of Cappadocia (Clem. A’.s pupil)

¾

233-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Origen (heterodox teacher)

622

225-254

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

 

W

W

W

Severe persecution by Decius and Gallus

 

250-251 - 253

1st Christian schism. Can fallen Christians return, or doomed forever –Novatian

Novatian (his schism lasted over 200 years)

38 ½

250/254-257

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

P

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

 

W

-

-

Anonymous Treatise Against Novatian

6 ½

254-256

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Anonymous Treatise on Rebaptism

11

c.250-258

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Cyprian of Carthage (against Novatian)

250 ¾ 

c.246-258

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

I

W

W

Roman church leaders (ltr 2,29,30)

1+4 ¾

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Lucian et al. (letters 16, 21)

7/8

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Caldonius to Cyprian (letter 18)

3/8

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Celerinus to Lucian (letter 20)

1 ¼

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

-

-

-

Moyses, et al. to Cyprian (letter 25)

2 ½

250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

 

-

-

-

Cornelius to Cyprian (letters 45,47)

2 ½ 

c.246-256

-

-