Bible Query - Early
Manuscripts of James
Q: In 1 Pet, what are early New Testament manuscripts we have preserved today?
A: Here are many of them.
p72 Bodmer 7 & 8 Papyrii 1 Peter 1:1-5:14, 2 Peter 1:1-3:18 and Jude 1-25. c.300 A.D. A photograph of part of this manuscript (showing 2 Peter 1:16-2:2) is in The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary p.820 and The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts p.468. The second source says the handwriting is written "in a documentary hand."
p74 (=Bodmer 17) Acts 1:2-5,7-11,13-15,18-19,22-25; 2:2-4; 2:6-3:26; 4:2-6,8-27; 4:29-27:25; 27:27-28:31; James 1:1-6,8-19,21-23,25,27; 2:1-3,5-15; 18-22, 25-26; 3:1,5-6,10-12,14,17-18; 4:8,11-14; 5:1-3,7-9,12-14,19-20; 1 Peter 1:1-2,7-8,13,19-20,25; 2:6-7,11-12,18,24; 3:4-5; 2 Peter 2:21; 3:4,11,16; 1 John 1:1,6; 2:1-2,7,13-14,18-19,25-26; 3:1-2,8,14,19-20; 4:1,6-7,12,16-17;5:3-4,9-10,17; 2 John 1,6-7,13; 3 John 6,12; Jude 3,7,12,18,24 (7th century)
7th century - 1968 - The Text of the New Testament has James 2:4 and 1 Peter 1:12
7th century - 1975 - Aland et al. Third Edition
6th century - 1998 - Aland et al. Fourth Revised Edition
p81 Trieste 1 Peter 2:20-3:1; 3:4-12 (4th century)
Vaticanus (325-350 A.D.), Sinaiticus (340-350 A.D.), and Alexandrinus (c.450 A.D) have all of 1 Peter.
Bohairic Coptic 3rd/4th century
Sahidic Coptic 3rd/4rth century
Peshitta Syriac [Syr P] 411-435 A.D... Over 350 manuscripts.
Harclean Syriac [Syr H] 616.A.D Thomas of Harkel
Ephraemi Rescriptus 5th century
Armenian [Arm] from 5th century
Georgian [Geo] from 5th century
Q: In 1 Pet, what are the manuscript variations with the Textus Receptus, the basis for the KJV?
A: Jay P. Green, Sr. in the Interlinear Bible records variations in approximately 38 words between the Textus Receptus and the majority text. These are in 29 places. In addition, he also records approximately no alternates.
Q: In 1 Pet, what are some of the manuscript variations?
A: The book of 1 Peter has a total of about 1,648 Greek words and a word-for-word accuracy of 96.2%, with 63 words in question. These are in 26 verses (41 places), out of 105 total verses. Of the 41 places, 25 are single word. Below are the variations with the primary choice and the top alternate choice. Aland, from which this primarily is based, also gives a judgment of the degree of certainty for each variation.
1 Pet 1:7 "proving" (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Armenian, Georgian) vs. "approved" p72 (1 letter)
1 Pet 1:8 "not having seen" (p72, Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Sahidic Coptic, Armenian, Ethiopic, vs. "not having appeared" (Alexandrinus, Bohairic Coptic, Georgian, Byzantine Lectionary)
1 Pet 1:9 "your souls" (Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Bohairic Coptic, Armenian, Ethiopic, Georgian) vs. "our souls" (Original Bohairic Coptic, Origen) vs. "souls" (Sahidic Coptic)
1 Pet 1:12 "in [the] Spirit" (Sinaiticus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Ethiopic, Georgian) vs. "[the] Spirit" (p72, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus)
1 Pet 1:19-20 "He himself therefore, who was also known before the foundation of the world and at the last time was born and suffered, received the glory that God the Word always possessed, abiding without beginning in the Father" Only in some Latin witnesses (per Bruce Metzger), so not included in the totals.
1 Pet 1:22 "truth" (p72, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Armenian, Ethiopic, Georgian) vs. "truth through the Spirit" (Byzantine Lectionary) vs. "faith through the spirit" (The heretic Priscillian) (2 words)
1 Pet 1:22 "from a pure heart" (p72, original Sinaiticus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, vs. "from a heart of truth" (second corrector of Sinaiticus, heretic Priscillian) vs. "from the heart" (Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Georgian)
1 Pet 2:3 "if" (p72, original Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Alexandrinus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Armenian, Georgian) vs. "indeed" (Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Slavonic)
1 Pet 2:19 "acceptable" vs. acceptable to God" (3 words
1 Pet 2:19 "conscience [toward] God" (Sinaiticus, corrected Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Byzantine Lectionary, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Slavonic) vs. "good conscience" (Ephraemi Rescriptus, Armenian, Georgian) vs. "good conscience [toward] God (p72), vs. "toward God good conscience (original Alexandrian) (2 words)
1 Pet 2:21 "Christ suffered" vs. "Christ died" Manuscripts and the Text of the New Testament p.53 says that in Greek one could accidentally be read for the other.
1 Pet 2:21 "of you, for us" (p72, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Armenian, Ethiopic, Georgian) vs. "of us, for us" (Byzantine Lectionary, Slavonic) vs. "of us, for you" (Bohairic Coptic) (2 words)
1 Pet 2:25 "you (plural) were going astray" (Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ethiopic) vs. "you (plural) going astray" (p72, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Byzantine Lectionary, Georgian, Slavonic)
1 Pet 3:7 "co-heirs" (one letter difference) "by/to those who are named together" (dative) vs. "those named together" (nominative)
"for the sake of life" vs. "for the sake of (misspelling)" vs. "for the sake of eternal life" "for the sake of varied life" (does not make much sense)
1 Pet 3:7 "the sake of life" (Vaticanus, original Ephraemi Rescriptus, some Byzantine Lectionary, Sahidic Coptic, Armenian, Georgian) vs. "the sake of (misspelling)" (1 letter difference, some Byzantine Lectionary) vs. "the sake of eternal life" (p72) vs. "the sake of varied life" (Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Bohairic Coptic, Slavonic) (The last one does not make much sense)
1 Pet 3:8 "humble-minded" vs. "friendly"
1 Pet 3:14 "afraid, neither should you (plural) be troubled" vs. "afraid" (2 words)
1 Pet 3:15 "Christ" (p72, Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi Rescriptus, Sahidic Coptic, Bohairic Coptic, Clement of Alexandria) vs. "God" (Byzantine Lectionary)
1 Pet 3:16 "speak against" vs. "speak against as evildoers" (3 words)
1 Pet 3:18 "concerning" vs. "on account of" (3 words)
1 Pet 3:18 "died" vs. "suffered" Manuscripts and the Text of the New Testament p.53 says that in Greek one could accidentally be read for the other.
1 Pet 3:18 "us" vs. "you (plural)"
1 Pet 3:21 "that" vs. "which"
1 Pet 4:1 "having suffered" vs. "having suffered for us" vs. "having died for us" (3 words) Manuscripts and the Text of the New Testament p.53 says that in Greek one could accidentally be read for the other.
1 Pet 4:1 "ceased from sin" vs. "ceased from sin. Because of"
1 Pet 4:3 "For" vs. "For to us"
1 Pet 4:14 "glory" vs. "glory and"
1 Pet 4:14 "rests" vs. "rests upon"
1 Peter 4:16 "name" vs. "matter" (KJV, NKJV, Green)
1 Pet 5:2 "but willingly as God would have you" vs. "but willingly" (3 words)
1 Pet 5:2 "charge, exercising the oversight" vs. "charge" (2 words)
1 Pet 5:3 "exercising oversight, not by constraint but willingly according to God" vs. "exercising oversight, not by constraint but willingly" (2 words)
1 Pet 5:6 "due time" vs. "in time of visitation"
1 Pet 5:8 "he may devour". verb conjugation (Aorist 2nd infinitive active)
1 Pet 5:10 "Christ Jesus" vs. "Jesus Christ" vs. "Christ"
1 Pet 5:10 "Strengthen" vs. "will strengthen" vs. "will strength and establish" (3 words)
1 Pet 5:10 "called you (plural)" vs. "called us"
1 Pet 5:11 "might" vs. "glory" vs. "the might, glory" (2 words)
1 Pet 5:11 "ages/forever". "ages of ages / forever and ever" (2 words)
1 Pet 5:13 "She" vs. "The church/assembly" vs. "Babylon" vs. "Babylon church/assembly" (2 words)
1 Pet 5:14 "Christ" (Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Peshitta Syriac, Sahidic Coptic, Ethiopic) vs. "Christ Jesus" (Sinaiticus, Byzantine Lectionary, Armenian)
1 Pet 5:14 "Christ" (Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Sahidic Coptic, Ethiopic, etc.) vs. "Christ. Amen" (Ethiopic) vs. Christ Jesus" (Georgian) vs. "Christ Jesus. Amen" at the end (Sinaiticus, Byzantine lectionary, Armenian, Slavonic)
Some manuscripts add the postscript, "Of Peter Letter General First"
Bibliography for this question: The Greek New Testament Third Edition by Kurt Aland et al., The Greek New Testament Fourth Edition by Kurt Aland et al., Interlinear Greek-English New Testament by George Ricker Berry, the Interlinear Bible by Jay P. Green, The Expositor's Bible Commentary volume 8, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament 2nd edition by Bruce M. Metzger, The Complete Text of the Earliest New Testament Manuscripts edited by Philip W. Comfort and David P. Barrett, The Expositor's Greek Testament edited by W. Robertson Nicoll, and footnotes in the NASB, NIV, NKJV, and NRSV Bible translations. Manuscripts of the Greek Bible : An Introduction to Paleography by Bruce M. Metzger also has interesting information on the characteristics and quality of the copying of each manuscript.
Q: In 1 Pet, how do the early manuscripts compare with each other?
A: The table below shows each of the places in question, and the number says which variant is in each manuscript.
|
Place |
words |
p72 |
p81 |
0206 |
Si |
A |
B |
C |
Sah |
Boh |
ClemA |
Ital |
Vg |
Luc |
Eth |
Chrys |
Byz |
Arm |
Geo |
Syr P |
Syr H |
|
1 Pet 1:7 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||||||||
|
1 Pet 1:8 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
||||
|
1 Pet 1:9 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3A |
1 |
3 |
1/ 2? |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||||||
|
1 Pet 1:12 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1/ 2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
||||||||||
|
1 Pet 1:22a |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
1?/3?/4 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
1 Pet 1:22b |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1?/2?/3 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||
|
1 Pet 2:3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1/ 2 |
1/ 2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||
|
1 Pet 2:19a |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1/ 2 |
1/ 2? |
3 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|||||
|
1 Pet 2:19b |
1 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
||||||
|
1 Pet 2:21a |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|||||
|
1 Pet 2:21b |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1/2 |
3 |
1/ 3 |
1/ 2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
|||||
|
1 Pet 2:25 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
||||||
|
1 Pet 3:7a |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:7b |
1 |
3 |
1? |
4 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1/2 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:8 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
2 Pet 3:14 |
2 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:15 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:16 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
|||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:18a |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
|||||||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:18b |
1 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1/2 |
1 |
2 |
|||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:18c |
1 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1/2 |
1 |
2 |
|||||||||
|
1 Pet 3:21 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||
|
1 Pet 4:1a |
3 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
||||||||||
|
1 Pet 4:1b |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1/3 |
2 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 4:3 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
2/3 |
||||||||||||
|
1 Pet 4:14 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 4:16 |
1 |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:2a |
3 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:2b |
3 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
4 |
5 |
3 |
||||||||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2A |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:6 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
||||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:8 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|||||||
|
1 Pat 5:10a |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1/ 2? |
1/ 2 |
1?/2 |
1/2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|||||||
|
1 Pet 5:10b |
3 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1/2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
(1) |
1 |
||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:10c |
1 |
5 |
1 |
6 |
6 |
1/2/5/6 |
1/ 5?/6 |
2/3 |
5 |
(5) |
|||||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:11a |
2 |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
3/4 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
|||||||
|
1 Pet 5:11b |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
||||||
|
1 Pet 5:13 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1/ 2 |
1/ 2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
||||||||
|
1 Pet 5:14a |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1/(3?) |
1/ 2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|||||||
|
1 Pet 5:14b |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1/3 |
1/3/4 |
1/ 4 |
1/2/4 |
2 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
|||||||
|
Place |
words |
p72 |
p81 |
Si |
A |
B |
C |
Sah |
Boh |
ClemA |
Ital |
Vg |
Luc |
Eth |
Chrys |
Byz |
Arm |
Geo |
Syr P |
Syr H |
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